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Resistance

. A conductor allows an electric current to flow through it, but it does not permit the current to flow with perfect freedom. Collisions between the electrons and the atoms of the conductor interfere with the flow of electrons. This phenomenon is known as resistance. Resistance is measured in units called ohms. The symbol for ohms is the Greek letter omega, Ω. A good conductor is one that has low resistance. A good insulator has a very high resistance. At commonly encountered temperatures, silver is the best conductor and copper is the second best. Electric wires are usually made of copper, which is less expensive than silver. The resistance of a piece of wire depends on its length, and its cross-sectional area, or thickness. The longer the wire is, the greater its resistance. If one wire is twice as long as a wire of identical diameter and material, the longer wire offers twice as much resistance as the shorter one. A thicker wire, however, has less resistance, because a thick wire o